Lebanon: Healing those deeply affected

Médecins Sans Frontières staff in Burj el-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp in the southern suburbs of Beirut, Lebanon. (Photo taken in 2010) © Dina Debbas.

Médecins Sans Frontières has been providing mental healthcare in two refugee camps in Lebanon for the past three years, both to Palestinian refugees and to vulnerable Lebanese in the area. Now Médecins Sans Frontières has opened a new project in northern Lebanon, following the arrival of 4,500 Syrians who have fled the unrest in their country. Bruno Jochum, General Director of Médecins Sans Frontières, is just back from the region.

What was the reason for your visit to Lebanon?

In 1976, Médecins Sans Frontières carried out its first wartime mission in Lebanon and became a professional medical emergency organisation. This year, having recently celebrated our 40th anniversary, we feel it is essential to share our principles of financial and medical independence, impartiality and neutrality. We believe it is important to talk publicly about these principles – as we did in December at the Beirut launch of an Arabic-language book entitled In the Eyes of Others: Perceptions of Humanitarian Action and of Médecins Sans Frontières. My visit to Lebanon was an opportunity to restate – to the authorities and to people in the region – Médecins Sans Frontières’ readiness and commitment to provide independent, neutral and impartial healthcare in situations where humanitarian needs exist.

Why is Médecins Sans Frontières working in Lebanon?

Following the 2006 war [between Israel and Hezbollah], once the immediate response to the crisis had taken place, Médecins Sans Frontières made the worrying discovery that there was little mental healthcare on offer.

Médecins Sans Frontières has put in place several mental health programmes for Palestinians and Lebanese living in and around the two largest refugee camps in Lebanon: Burj el-Barajneh in Beirut and Ein el-Hilweh in Saida. Over the past three years, more than 2,200 patients have benefited from free psychological care, provided through a multidisciplinary, community-based approach. In total, more than 15,500 free-of-charge psychological and psychiatric consultations have taken place.  

Why did Médecins Sans Frontières decide to start working in north Lebanon?

Recently, with thousands of Syrians – many of whom have physical wounds –fleeing the violence in their country and seeking refuge in Lebanon, we dispatched medical teams to evaluate their health status. This resulted in our setting up a new health programme in Wadi Khaled, in the north of Lebanon, in November 2011. We have been working in Lebanon for three years, and were therefore in a position to monitor closely the health situation for Syrians arriving in the country.

The support we are providing today is limited. Our first approach was to provide stocks of emergency supplies to health centres near the border with Syria. Besides mental health services, Médecins Sans Frontières is increasing its capacity in the area to respond to any further and significant influx of people from Syria by reinforcing epidemiological surveillance, vaccinations, chronic disease management and emergency medical equipment, while assessing further medical needs. The presence of an independent international medical organisation such as Médecins Sans Frontières also provides a guarantee of neutrality to those arriving from Syria.  

What is the humanitarian situation in northern Lebanon?

Most of the Syrians who fled their own country in need of medical care had to leave all their belongings behind. Even if the situation remains relatively stable in Lebanon, it is difficult to predict what will happen in Syria. As an emergency medical humanitarian organisation, we need to be prepared in case of a massive influx of people to the area. Our purpose is to guarantee medical care in the case of large numbers of wounded Syrians arriving fleeing violence.

What is the humanitarian and medical situation in Syria?

It is very hard for us to have a precise picture of the humanitarian and medical situation today in Syria and the magnitude of the needs to which we could respond. Based on our experience in Libya and Bahrain, and on stories from patients and doctors in Syria, the likely pattern is that the wounded cannot be treated in the public hospitals managed by government authorities where they may be especially vulnerable. Today the Syrian population is faced with enormous difficulties in accessing necessary levels of emergency medical care. It is essential that all parties demonstrate their respect for basic medical ethics, for the impartiality of medical facilities, for the day-to-day work of doctors and nurses, and for the safety of patients.

Médecins Sans Frontières remains committed to respond to the humanitarian needs in Syria and provide the required assistance to the Syrian population if and when access is finally granted. Médecins Sans Frontières remains very concerned that victims of the conflict may not be able to access medical care, and reiterates the right of Syrians to flee violence in search of refuge and medical assistance.