Everyone in Belgium is entitled to healthcare. This includes undocumented migrants and asylum seekers, although in practice their access to health services is restricted by numerous administrative obstacles. Médecins Sans Frontières continues to provide medical and psychosocial consultations in Brussels and Antwerp to people who cannot access these through normal channels. More than 5,000 consultations were conducted in 2007, with the majority of patients being undocumented migrants and asylum seekers. Rather than creating a parallel system, the aim is to direct people towards the official system, which is supposed to provide the service.

When necessary, Médecins Sans Frontières advocates for patients both with the social services and within political spheres that has led to improvements in access to national health services. As a result, Médecins Sans Frontières will hand over its activities to another organisation in April 2008 because although the situation has improved, there remains a need for a focal point to help migrants and asylum seekers find their way through the complex health system.

Médecins Sans Frontières has worked in Belgium since 1987